Psalm 4:3

בְּנֵי אִישׁ עַד־מֶה כְבֹודִי לִכְלִמָּה תֶּאֱהָבוּן רִיק תְּבַקְשׁוּ כָזָב סֶלָה׃

Rough Word-by-word:
Sons of man, how continuous heaviness of me to reproach, you all will love a vain thing, you all will seek intensely a lie.

Smooth Translation:
Sons of man, how long is my honor for reproach? You keep loving a vain thing. You keep seeking out a lie.

בְּנֵי noun mp in construct "sons of"

אִישׁ noun ms "man"

עַד־מֶה adjective with interrogative "continuous how"

כְבֹודִי noun ms with 1cs pronominal suffix "heaviness of me"

לִכְלִמָּה preposition with noun fs "to/for dishonor/reproach"

תֶּאֱהָבוּן Qal imperfect 2mp from אָהֵב (he loved) "you all will love" or "you all keep loving" (final nun is paragogic)

רִיק adjective ms "[a] vain [thing]"

תְּבַקְשׁוּ Piel imperfect 2mp from בָקַשׁ (he sought) "you all will seek intensely" or "you all keep seeking intensly"

כָזָב noun ms "a lie"

סֶלָה perhaps an expression of direction to the musicians (note: BibleWorks 4 calls it an "interjection," meaning "lift up, exalt")

Psalm 4:2

בְּקָרְאִי עֲנֵנִי ׀ אֱלֹהֵי צִדְקִי בַּצָּר הִרְחַבְתָּ לִּי חָנֵּנִי וּשְׁמַע תְּפִלָּתִי׃

Rough Word-by-word:
In the crying of me answer me, God of righteousness of me. In narrowness you caused to be wide. To me be gracious and hear prayer of me.

Smooth Translation:
In my crying answer me, God of my righteousness. You made tight places wide. Be gracious to me and hear my prayer.

בְּקָרְאִי preposition and Qal infinitive construct with 1cs suffix from קָרָא (he called) "in the crying of me"

עֲנֵנִי Qal imperative 2ms with 1cs pronominal suffix from עָנָה (he answered) "answer me"

אֱלֹהֵי noun mp in construct "God of"

צִדְקִי noun ms in construct with 1cs pronominal suffix "righteousness of me"

בַּצָּר preposition with adjective ms "in distress/in narrowness"

הִרְחַבְתָּ Hiphil perfect 2ms from רָהַב (he was wide) "you caused to be wide"

לִּי preposition with 1cs pronominal suffix "to me"

חָנֵּנִי Qal imperative 2ms with 1cs pronominal suffix from חָנַן (he was gracious) "be gracious"

וּשְׁמַע conjunction with Qal imperative 2ms from שָֹמַע (he heard) "and hear"

תְּפִלָּתִי noun fs in construct with 1cs pronominal suffix "praise of me" or "prayer of me"

Psalm 4:1

לַמְנַצֵּחַ בִּנְגִינֹות מִזְמֹור לְדָוִד׃

Rough Word-by-word:
To the overseeing one on stringed instruments a Psalm of David.

Smooth Translation:
To the overseer on stringed instruments a Psalm of David.

לַמְנַצֵּחַ preposition and definite article with Piel participle from נָצַח (he oversaw) ms "to/for the overseeing one"

בִּנְגִינֹות preposition with noun fp "in/on stringed instruments"

מִזְמֹור noun ms "a psalm"

לְדָוִד preposition with proper noun ms "of/for/to David"

Psalm 3:9

לַיהוָה הַיְשׁוּעָה עַל־עַמְּךָ בִרְכָתֶךָ סֶּלָה׃

Rough Word-by-word:
Of the LORD the salvation of you. Upon the people of you, the blessing of you.

Smooth Translation:
Of the LORD [is] your salvation. Upon your people [be] your blessing.

Or:
Of the LORD [is] your salvation. Upon your people [is] your blessing.


לַיהוָה preposition with tetragrammaton divine name "of the LORD" (I'm taking this as a lamed auctoris or lamed of authorship)

הַיְשׁוּעָה definite article with noun fs "the salvation"

עַל־עַמְּךָ preposition and noun ms with 2ms pronominal suffix "upon the people of you"

בִרְכָתֶךָ noun fs with 2ms pronominal suffix "blessing of you"

סֶּלָה perhaps an expression of direction to the musicians (note: BibleWorks 4 calls it an "interjection," meaning "lift up, exalt")

Psalm 3:8

קוּמָה יְהוָה ׀ הֹושִׁיעֵנִי אֱלֹהַי כִּי־הִכִּיתָ אֶת־כָּל־אֹיְבַי לֶחִי שִׁנֵּי רְשָׁעִים שִׁבַּרְתָּ׃

Rough Word-by-word:
Rise up, LORD. Cause to be saved me, God of me, as you caused to be struck all the ones being enemies of me the cheek. The teeth of wicked men you have shattered.

Smooth Translation:
Rise up, LORD. Save me, my God, as you have struck the cheek of all my enemies. You have shattered the teeth of wicked men.

קוּמָה Qal imperative 2ms from קוּם (he rose up) "rise up"

יְהוָה tetragrammaton divine name "LORD"

הֹושִׁיעֵנִי Hiphil imperative 2ms from יָשַׁע(he saved) with 1cs pronominal suffix "cause to be saved me" (Better - "cause to save me" or "cause to deliver me")

אֱלֹהַי noun mp in construct with 1cs pronominal suffix "God of me"

כִּי־הִכִּיתָ preposition with Hipil perfect 2ms from נָכָה (he struck) "as you caused to be struck" (Better - "as you caused to strike")

אֶת־כָּל־אֹיְבַי sign of direct object with adjective ms and Qal active participle mp from אָיַב (he was an enemy) in construct with 1cs pronominal suffix "all the ones being enemies of me"

לֶחִי noun fs "[the] cheek"

שִׁנֵּי noun dual in construct "[the] teeth of"

רְשָׁעִים adjective mp "wicked men"

שִׁבַּרְתָּ Piel perfect 2ms from שָׁבָר (he broke) "you have shattered"

Psalm 3:7

לֹא־אִירָא מֵרִבְבֹות עָם אֲשֶׁר סָבִיב שָׁתוּ עָלָי׃

Rough Word-by-word:
Not I will be afraid from ten thousands of people which round about they have set upon me."

Smooth Translation:
I will not be afraid from ten thousands of people which have set round about upon me.

לֹא־אִירָא adverb of negation with Qal imperfect 1cs from יָרֵא (he was afraid) "not I will be afraid"

מֵרִבְבֹות preposition with noun fp in construct "from ten thousands of"

עָם noun ms "people"

אֲשֶׁר relative pronoun "which"

סָבִיב adverb "surrounding, round about"

שָׁתוּ Qal perfect 3cp from שִׁית (he put, he set) "they have set"

עָלָי preposition with 1cs pronominal suffix "upon me"

Psalm 3:6

אֲנִי שָׁכַבְתִּי וָאִישָׁנָה הֱקִיצֹותִי כִּי יְהוָה יִסְמְכֵנִי׃

Rough Word-by-word:
I, I laid down and I slept. I am caused to awake for the LORD, he will support me.

Smooth Translation:
I myself laid down and slept. I awaken for the LORD will support me.

אֲנִי pronoun 1st person singular "I"

שָׁכַבְתִּי Qal perfect 1cs from שָׁכַב (he laid down) "I laid down"

וָאִישָׁנָה Qal imperfect 1cs from יָשֵׁנ (he slept) with a vav conversive making it "and I slept"

הֱקִיצֹותִי Hiphil perfect 1cs from קֶיצ (he awoke) "I am caused to awake"

כִּי conjunction "as, for"

יְהוָה tetragrammaton divine name "the LORD"

יִסְמְכֵנִי Qal imperfect 3ms from סָמַךְ (he supported) with 1cs pronominal suffix "he will support me"

Psalm 3:5

קֹולִי אֶל־יְהוָה אֶקְרָא וַיַּעֲנֵנִי מֵהַר קָדְשֹׁו סֶלָה׃

Rough Word-by-word:
[The] voice of me unto the LORD I will call out. He answered me from the mountain of the holiness of him. Selah

Smooth Translation:
With my voice I will call out unto the LORD. He answered me from the mountain of his holiness. Selah

קֹולִי noun ms in construct with 1cs pronominal suffix "voice of me"

אֶל־יְהוָה preposition with tetragrammaton "unto the LORD"

אֶקְרָא Qal imperfect 1cs from קָרָא (he called out) "I will call out"

וַיַּעֲנֵנִי Qal imperfect 3ms from עָנָה (he answered) "he will answer" with a vav conversive and 1cs pronominal suffix making it "and he answered me"

מֵהַר preposition with noun ms in construct "from the mountain of" (note the sere under the מ because the ה can not take a dagesh.)

קָדְשֹׁו noun ms with 3ms pronominal suffix "the holiness of him"

סֶלָה perhaps an expression of direction to the musicians (note: BibleWorks 4 calls it an "interjection," meaning "lift up, exalt")

Psalm 3:4

וְאַתָּה יְהוָה מָגֵן בַּעֲדִי כְּבֹודִי וּמֵרִים רֹאשִׁי׃

Rough Word-by-word:
And you, LORD, [are] a shield around me, honor of me, and the one causing to rise the head of me.

Smooth Translation:
But you, LORD, are a shield around me, my honor, and the one causing my head to raise.

וְאַתָּה conjunction with pronoun 2ms "and you"

יְהוָה tetragrammaton proper noun mp "LORD"

מָגֵן noun ms "[are] a shield"

בַּעֲדִי preposition with 1cs pronominal suffix "around me"

כְּבֹודִי noun ms with 1cs pronominal suffix "honor of me" or "glory of me"

וּמֵרִים conjunction with Hiphil active participle ms from רוּם (he was high, he rose) "and the one causing to rise up"

רֹאשִׁי noun ms with 1cs pronominal suffix "the head of me"

Psalm 3:3

רַבִּים אֹמְרִים לְנַפְשִׁי אֵין יְשׁוּעָתָה לֹּו בֵאלֹהִים סֶלָה׃

Rough Word-by-word:
Many they are saying to the soul of me, "Never salvation to him in God." Selah

Smooth Translation:
Many are saying to my soul, "Never is there salvation to him in God." Selah

רַבִּים adjective mp "many"

אֹמְרִים Qal active participle mp from אָמַר (he said) "they are saying"

לְנַפְשִׁי preposition with noun fs and 1cs pronominal suffix "to the soul of me"

אֵין adverb of extreme negation "never"

יְשׁוּעָתָה noun fs with paragogic ה "salvation, deliverance" (note: Greswell parses this as a verbal noun. My original thought was a passive participle and I wonder if the noun originally was a substantive passive participle...)

לֹּו preposition with 3ms pronominal suffix "to him"

בֵאלֹהִים preposition with noun mp "in God" or "by God" (Greswell's explanation for the sere is that two shevas can not stand together so a contraction has occured here.)

סֶלָה perhaps an expression of direction to the musicians (note: BibleWorks 4 calls it an "interjection," meaning "lift up, exalt")

Psalm 3:2

יְהוָה מָה־רַבּוּ צָרָי רַבִּים קָמִים עָלָי׃

Rough Word-by-word:
LORD how they are increased the enemies of me. Many the ones risen upon me.

Smooth Translation:
LORD, how my enemies are increased. Many [are] the ones risen against me.

יְהוָה tetragrammaton - proper noun "LORD"

מָה־רַבּוּ interrogative pronoun and Qal perfect 3cp from רָבַב (he increased) "how they are increased"

צָרָי noun mp in construct with 1cs pronominal suffix "the enemies of me"

רַבִּים adjective mp "many"

קָמִים Qal participle mp from קוּמ (he arose) "the ones risen"

עָלָי preposition with 1cs pronominal suffix "upon me" or "against me"

Psalm 3:1

מִזְמֹור לְדָוִד בְּבָרְחֹו מִפְּנֵי ׀ אַבְשָׁלֹום בְּנֹו׃

Rough Word-by-word:
A Psalm by David in his fleeing from the faces of Absalom son of him.

Smooth Translation:
A Psalm of David in his fleeing from before Absalom his son.

מִזְמֹור noun ms "a Psalm"

לְדָוִד preposition with proper noun ms "by, to, for David"

בְּבָרְחֹו preposition with Qal infinitive construct from בָרַח (he fled) with 3ms pronominal suffix "in his fleeing"

מִפְּנֵי preposition with noun mp in construct "from the faces of"

אַבְשָׁלֹום proper noun ms "Absalom"

בְּנֹו noun ms with 3ms pronominal suffix "son of him"

Psalm 2:12

נַשְּׁקוּ־בַר פֶּן־יֶאֱנַף ׀ וְתֹאבְדוּ דֶרֶךְ כִּי־יִבְעַר כִּמְעַט אַפֹּו אַשְׁרֵי כָּל־חֹוסֵי בֹו׃

Rough Word-by-word:
Kiss the son lest he will be angry and you all perish [in] the way as he will burn as a little while [the] anger of him. Happinesses of all the ones trusting in him.

Smooth Translation:
Kiss the son lest he be angry and you perish in the way, as his anger will burn quickly. Happinesses are for all those who trust in him.

נַשְּׁקוּ־בַר Piel imperative mp from נָשַׂק (he kissed) with noun ms "kiss [the] son"

פֶּן־יֶאֱנַף conjunction with Qal imperfect 3ms from אָנֵף (he was angry) "lest he will be angry"

וְתֹאבְדוּ conjunction with Qal imperfect 2mp from אָבַד (he perished) "and you will perish"

דֶרֶךְ noun fs "path, road, way"

כִּי־יִבְעַר Qal imperfect 3ms from בָּעַר (he burned) "as he will burn"

כִּמְעַט conjunction with adverb "as a little while"

אַפֹּו noun ms in construct with 3ms pronominal suffix "anger of him"

אַשְׁרֵי noun mp in construct "happinesses of"

כָּל־חֹוסֵי adjective mp with Qal active participle mp from הָסָה (he trusted) "all the ones trusting"

בֹו preposition with 3ms pronominal suffix "in him"

Psalm 2:11

עִבְדוּ אֶת־יְהוָה בְּיִרְאָה וְגִילוּ בִּרְעָדָה׃

Rough Word-by-word:
You all serve the LORD in fear and you all rejoice in trembling.

Smooth Translation:
Serve the LORD in fear and rejoice in trembling.

עִבְדוּ Qal imperative 2mp from עָבַד (he served) "you all serve"

אֶת־יְהוָה sign of direct object with divine name "the LORD"

בְּיִרְאָה preposition with noun fs "in fear"

וְגִילוּ conjunction with Qal imperative 2mp from גָלָה (he rejoiced) "and you all rejoice"

בִּרְעָדָה preposition with noun fs "in trembling"