לַמְנַצֵּחַ עַלְמוּת לַבֵּן מִזְמֹור לְדָוִד׃
Rough Word-by-word:
To the overseeing one upon death to the son a psalm of David.
Smooth Translation:
To the leader upon the death to the son, a psalm of David.
Notes: עַלְמוּת לַבֵּן is hard to translate. I'm taking עַלְמוּת as a preposition prefixed to a noun,and some manuscripts actually have a maqqeph, but מָוֶת is the ms noun for "death." The verb, מוּת, means "die," but Owens says "prb. rd. על מוֹת לַבֵן as prep.-n.f. p." The LXX says, ὑπὲρ τῶν κρυφίων τοῦ υἱοῦ - "concerning the secrets of the son"
Rough Word-by-word:
To the overseeing one upon death to the son a psalm of David.
Smooth Translation:
To the leader upon the death to the son, a psalm of David.
Notes: עַלְמוּת לַבֵּן is hard to translate. I'm taking עַלְמוּת as a preposition prefixed to a noun,and some manuscripts actually have a maqqeph, but מָוֶת is the ms noun for "death." The verb, מוּת, means "die," but Owens says "prb. rd. על מוֹת לַבֵן as prep.-n.f. p." The LXX says, ὑπὲρ τῶν κρυφίων τοῦ υἱοῦ - "concerning the secrets of the son"
Here is Soncino's comment:
Muth-labben. lit. 'death to the son.' The old Jewish commentators explain that David composed this paean on the death of a neighbouring ruler, named Labben, who had oppressed Israel; but there is no record of him in the Bible history. By analogy it is most likely a direction to the leader of the orchestra, indicating the name of a song whose melody was to accompany the Psalm.
Here is Greswell's comment:
Verse 1. מוּת לַבֵּן Muth-labben, lit. Death of the son. Some
suppose this to be the name of a tune or of a musical instrument; others regard ל as servile and בֵּן as the prop, name of a
Levite, as in i Chron. xv. 1 8 ; whilst others suppose Absalom to
be meant, and render it 'On the death of the son;' whilst others
again take it as an anagram of Nabal, and render it 'On the
death of the fool.' See i Sam. xxv. 25.
לַמְנַצֵּחַ preposition and definite article with Piel participle ms from נָצַח (he oversaw) "to/for the overseeing one"
עַלְמוּת prepostion with noun ms "upon death" (see notes above)
לַבֵּן prepostion and definite article with noun ms "to/for the son"
מִזְמֹור noun ms "[a] psalm"
לְדָוִד preposition with proper noun "to/for David"
Muth-labben. lit. 'death to the son.' The old Jewish commentators explain that David composed this paean on the death of a neighbouring ruler, named Labben, who had oppressed Israel; but there is no record of him in the Bible history. By analogy it is most likely a direction to the leader of the orchestra, indicating the name of a song whose melody was to accompany the Psalm.
Here is Greswell's comment:
Verse 1. מוּת לַבֵּן Muth-labben, lit. Death of the son. Some
suppose this to be the name of a tune or of a musical instrument; others regard ל as servile and בֵּן as the prop, name of a
Levite, as in i Chron. xv. 1 8 ; whilst others suppose Absalom to
be meant, and render it 'On the death of the son;' whilst others
again take it as an anagram of Nabal, and render it 'On the
death of the fool.' See i Sam. xxv. 25.
לַמְנַצֵּחַ preposition and definite article with Piel participle ms from נָצַח (he oversaw) "to/for the overseeing one"
עַלְמוּת prepostion with noun ms "upon death" (see notes above)
לַבֵּן prepostion and definite article with noun ms "to/for the son"
מִזְמֹור noun ms "[a] psalm"
לְדָוִד preposition with proper noun "to/for David"
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